Objectives:
- To share the expertise of distinguished IIT Bombay faculty members
- To create a forum amongst learners from different disciplines across the country
- To empower learners in the fields of engineering and science
- To help working professionals update their knowledge
- To raise the standard of engineering education in India
Electrical Engineering
- Communication
- What is communication?
- Why do we give negative frequency in fourier transform?
- I cant figure out how to compute the fourier transform of x(t) = summation
- Why do we calculate complex power v* conjugate of i?
- What is pwm technique?
- What is meant by aliasing and how it can be avoided?
- How colour model can be converted from one model to another? Could you plea
- What is the role of array processor for image processing?
- What are the differences between Structural Patterns and Morphological Stru
- What are the basic elements used for modeling mechanical rotational system?
- What is the Principal of a CCD camera to Capture and image?
- What is a pseudorandom noise?
- What is noise smoothing?
- How is visibility function useful?
- What is the application of LTI System?
- Suppose a binary source generates bits which are equally likely to be 0 or
- What are error control codes?
- Is it mandatory for both A and B to be abelian groups for A X B to be abeli
- Consider a binary symmetric channel (BSC) with crossover probability p. Su
- What is the probability that at least one error is observed in the received
- What is the probability that at most one error is observed in the received
- Prove that a subset H of a group G is a subgroup if it is non-empty, nite
- Explain how aperiodic signals can be represented by fourier transform.?
- How the aliasing process is eliminated?
- Is a discrete time signal described by the input output relation y[n]= rnx[
- Prove that IF H and K are subgroup of a group G than so their intersection
- Let H and K be subgroup of a group G. Prove that H U K is a subgroup of G i
- In AM Wav DSB-SC if carrier wave has to be suppressed than why is it genera
- What is SSB-FM or compatible FM? Is it practically possible or not. 3
- Can BPSK be considered a kind of DSB-SC signal? 1
- It is approximately possible to generate an FM signal which has frequency
- Will you explain significance of minimum distance in block codes?
- Explain block and convolution interleaving for burst error correction
- Why viterbi algorithm is preferred in convolution codes?
- How to construct an instantaneous codes.
- Why is the data bus bidirectional
- What do you mean by vectored interrupt
- What happens to the probability of error in M-ary FSK as the value of M-inc
- Under what circumstances M-ary signaling schemes are preferred over binary
- What is time-to-live or packet lifetime
- What is the purpose of Domain Name System
- What is meant by key bouncing?
- What is the difference between the various kinds of MPEG video?
- Can video frames be compressed instead of objects?
- What are the parameters need to be considered to compare video codes
- How do we differentiate between analog, discrete, quantized and digital sig
- How can we identify one dimensional and two dimensional signals.
- What are the basic factors that affect ROC of z-transform.
- What is an IIR digital filter? How are IIR digital filter realized?
- What types of modulation schemes used in mobile communication
- How types of modulation schemes used in mobile communication Hamming codes
- Where DFT is used? What is the difference between DFT and IDFT ?
- Explain how adaptive Huffman algorithm works ?
- What are the basic steps for designing face detection software ?
- Tell us about fundamental steps in images processing ?
- Sir, what is the different between digital images and binary images ?
- Explain the functioning of CCD line scan sensor and CCD area sensor
- Please, Explain about different coding method used in DIP
- Sir, what is the use of motion in segmentation ?
- What factors affect the choice of intermediate frequency?
- What is vector and scalar quantization
- Can the Huffman method be applied to a two symbol alphabet?
- If the set of symbols have the Fibonacci probabilities, what is the height
- What is the difference between a passive and an active hub
- Please, explain the memory requirements of the Fast Fourier Transform.
- sir, Which digital modulation technique gives better error probability
- Why Armstrong method of FM is superior to reactance modulator
- In FM broadcasting what should be the maximum frequency deviation? How ban
- How do you secure a wireless network?
- What is image editing
- What is image registration
- What is image averaging and Image subtraction
- Sir, how Median filter is the best filter to remove salt and pepper noise i
- How the process of removing the psycho visual redundancy is a lossy techniq
- Why mixed adjacency is introduced to eliminate the ambiguities that often a
- What is false contouring? When does it happen in digital images?
- Differentiate between Point Processing and Mask Processing Techniques.
- What is IGS coding? How it is useful in data compression
- what are filtering in frequency domain.
- Basic of Transformation while compressing an Image
- what are the different operators used for segmentation of an image?
- What are the different topics in video, Image & Computer vision which one c
- How to identify Human from running video frame is there any method for iden
- Image restoration & Image registration?
- sir, how Brightness discrimination is poor at low levels of illuminations?
- Sir is it true that Quality of picture depends on the number of pixels and
- which is the best filter for digital image having salt pepper noise and med
- What are different types of redundancies that can be present in a digital i
- How one-dimensional FFT algorithms can be used to compute two dimensional D
- Sir, how Lossy compression of the image makes the image loose smooth inform
- How Image subtraction is used for scene matching and detection.
- What is ringing effect? How Butterworth filters remove the ringing effect?
- Explain the use of finding connectivity of pixels. Explain the methods to f
- How to achieve 3D compretion in met lab software
- Application area of video processing (PHD)?
- What are Operators used for segmentation of an image & Which is the best on
- What is the skeleton of an image? Explain the methods to find the skeleton
- Explain how inverse filter is used to restore the image and what are drawba
- Explain the difference between error free and lossy compression of an image
- Explain the difference between error free and lossy compression of an image
- Explain about linear separability of pattern classes.
- Explain in detail the different derivative operations used for image sharpe
- What are different performance parameters for controlled
rectifiers
- What is the block matching algorithm and how is it used for 2 – D motion
- Distinguish between uniform sampling and non uniform sampling with respect
- Explain about linear separability of pattern classes.
- Explain about linear separability of pattern classes.
- Explain the need of multiplexing and demultiplexing of the Address Bus and
- Explain the applications of source coding in the field of Image Processing
- What is difference between path and trajectory?
- How Gross motion planning is robot independent and fine motion
planning is
- Define joint space work envelop, dexterous work envelop
- Explain the basic principles of pass transistor circuit. Sir, what is logic
- What is Twin Tub process ?
- What is the need of design rules? What is mean by lamda based design rules?
- Define body effect in MOSSEFT?
- How much of memory space a typical 8-bit grayscale image of size 512 x 512
- How can you realize a spatial filter that would sharpen the image?
- Explain what is gray level trasformation? Explain gray level slicing and co
- Is it possible to display all kinds colours in a colour monitor?
- How generation of information is modelled as probabilistic process?
- Explain why the discrete histogram equalization will not,in general yield a
- What is neighbour of pixel?
- What are additive and subtractive colors?
- How do you measure information?
- What do you mean by edge in an image? Explain how sharpening filter may be
- 2. Sir, how median filter is the best solution to remove salt and pepper no
- Sir want some details on subband codding image compression using Wavelet
- description of LDA in Biomedical signal processing.
- What is coding redundancy?
- What are blurring and ringing effects? How can they be avoided?
- What is an Unitary matrix? How two dimensional DFT matrix
- in discrete to continuous time conversion what is " match" and "Tustin" bef
- Basic operation of LMS (least mean square) using adaptive filter in biomedi
- How adaptive noise canceller works?
- How frames can be selected from video in video proccessing?
- what is sparse representation matching and how matching can be done in face
- what techniques are used in 4G that lead 4G give higher data rate then 3G?
- sir i want to remove noise from transform ECG signals
- so for that i want to know flow chart of LMS in adaptive filter
- What is native of image?
- Which of OSI layers arc network support layers?
- When is the average information delivered by a source of alphabet size 2, m
- How do I convert a DSP Transfer Function or Algorithm into C++ code?
- What is meant by natural frequency?
- Explain what is meant by duality. Give the requirement for the network to b
- How can you write nodal admittance matrix directly from the inspection of n
- What information do poles and zeros provide in respect of network to which
- What is a dominant strategy?
- Explain the concept of hidden and exposed terminal in WLAN?
- what are the factors that may reduce reception of the wireless signal?
- What is the difference between performances evaluation of voice oriented fi
- Why GSM can be tracked easily as compared to CDMA?
- Why there is no Doppler shift in mobile communication?
- What is the use of Adaptive antenna?
- Effect of channel length modulation and substrate bias on drain current of
- Explain short channel effect in MOSFET?
- State the reason for higher mobility for electrons than holes in semiconduc
- In a semiconductor if the gradient of electron concentration is positive in
- Explain “why band to band recombination is insignificant for Silicon?”
- A P-N junction diode is under equilibrium condition. It is observed that th
- What is a frame buffer? Discuss the categories of digital storage for image
- What are the different transforms used in DIP? Which is most useful?
- How to calculate threshold in image processing?
- Is it possible that high pass-filtered image in the frequency domain can be
- What is invariant degradation? Explain about estimating the degradation fun
- In image processing, input usually images but what are the different output
- what is gray level interpolation based on the nearest neighbour concept?
- What is meant by discontinuities in an image?
- What are the gradient operations? What are the various operators used for i
- what is the difference between FPGA Design and ASIC Design?
- Explain the operation of a n-channel or p-channel CMOS transistor at
the d
- What is the advance technology in IC’s?
- What is noise smoothing?
- Why there is a need of representing the gain of an amplifier,attenuation in
- Is there any 360-degree radiating antenna?
- How will the radiation pattern generated?
- Any Live application for 360-degree antenna?
- Explain about the types of cognitive radio and its applications?
- How to discover insufficiently covered regions in a wireless sensor network
- Explain about remote sensing and its types?
- Which tool is suitable for color image processing and texture analysis?
- How to Perform Colour image segmentation and identification?
- What is image translation and scaling?
- List the 2 categories of image enhancement?
- What are the applications of remote sensing?
- Where should we used discreet and continuous wavelet?
- What was the reason for selecting a speed of 155.52 Mbps in the original AT
- How speech is transmitted in a digital switching e nvironment using PCM/TDM
- How does one arrive at the probability of availability of free lines during
- What is the need of a hybrid in telephone networks? How does it work?
- What are the different types of web security threats?
- What are the limitations of impulse invariance method?
- Why circular convolution is important in DSP?
- What are the applications of histogram processing?
- Why carrier wave is always a sine wave?
- What is meant by in place in DIT and DIF algorithm?
- Explain how image enhancement was achieved
- How does a Receiver Filter actually work?
- What is dead band?
- How is the signal unaffected by filter Characteristics like Differentiation
- Why edge detection is most common approach for detecting discontinuities?
- Derive the noise power spectral density of the FM demodulation and explain
- Describe Image Formation in the eye with Brightness adaption and Discrimina
- How does bandwidth increase with increase in baud rate?
- What is entropy? Explain the properties of entropy?
- What is channel redundancy?
- How to classify the segmented regions based on their feature characteristic
- What is the difference between image classification and segmentation?
- What is meant by image enhancement? Explain the need for image enhancement
- Explain the process of Image smoothing using Median filtering
- Explain the image compression models
- Explain about CMY and CMYK color models
- Please provide introduction to the Graph-based approaches and Feature space
- Explain adaptive filtering?
- What, exactly, is a short circuit? What does it mean if a circuit becomes s
- What will happen if DC supply is given on the primary of a transformer?
- How the stability is determined for a system in terms of z-transform?
- What is blur impulse response and noise levels?
- How the voltage control is achieved by injection of reactive power at nodes
- What are the advantages of GTO over SCR?
- Why thyristors are not preferred for inverters?
- What is a periodogram? How do you estimate the performance of a periodogram
- Explain Design of FIR filters by windowing Optimum approximations of FIR fi
- Why should we go for digital signal processing where as the most of the rea
- When a discrete time signal is called periodic?
- Define symmetric and antisymmetric signals
- How do you prevent alaising while sampling a CT signal?
- Is watershed segmentation approach a region-based approach or boundary-base
- How does a Receiver Filter actually work? How does it select various freque
- What are the advantages of wavelet based coding in JPEG-2000?
- Discuss Source coding theorem, give the advantage and disadvantage of chann
- What is sub-band coding?
- What is the need of Digital signal processing?
- What determines a segment? How can we pose the problem mathematically?
- What are the applications of image segmentation?
- Searching based on the images features is an active area of research. What
- Suggest a way to evaluate how good or bad are the results of a chosen segme
- Is watershed segmentation approach a region-based approach or boundary-base
- How does the access point know if a wireless data packet is intended for it
- Explain about MAC layers in WIMAX networks
- What is dead packet management techniques in wireless sensor networks?
nod
- Could you explain the hierarchical routing protocols?
- compressing of data and other data managent techniques to conserve energy
- Discuss security in wireless networks
- What is channel redundancy?
- Discuss about satellite imaging application
- How the color helps in better image analysis?
- What do you mean by image segmentation? Give the detail of amplitude segmen
- Explain the different factors that affects the reliability of CMOS chips
- What is image averaging and Image subtraction?
- What are filtering in frequency domain?
- What is moments of an image. Explain how they can be used in shape analysis
- What are the types of redundancies available in the image?
- What is noise? How it affects image segmentation?
- How to detect grey level discontinuities in detecting image?
- Explain the algorithm for boundary detection
- What is object recognition? Explain object recognition by structural mappin
- Discuss satellite imaging application
- How image helps in detection of minerals below the surface?
- How can we choose the better image processing software? What are the featur
- What is the difference in image restoration and enhancement?
- Explain the different kind of image compression techniques for reducing the
- Why should we go for digital signal processing where as the most of the rea
- Explain the disadvantages of digital signal processing over analog process.
- What are the various methods of representing discrete time signal?
- Can you explain the difference between energy signal & power signal?
- Discuss the concept of whitening filter and inverse filter
- What is adaptive in an adaptive filter? How is it done?
- Suggest a way to evaluate how good or bad are the results of a chosen segme
- What is remote sensing and where remote sensing data can be used?
- What are the differences between raster and vector data?
- Discuss about Open Standards and Open Source Solutions for GIS?
- How hough transforms can be used to link edges
- If you go on dilating an image repeatedly with a structuring element, what
- How can you modify the Basic Global Thresholding method to make use of the
- How wifi technology works?
- Explain the concept of cellular topology and cell fundamentals
- What are the reasons to perform handoff?
- Why is power control important in CDMA?
- how are gradient operators used for detection of edges in medical images
- What is the basic grey level transformation?
- How histogram matching can enhance the Image?
- Explain the application of image processing in defense
- What are the elements of visual interpretation of the satellite images? Exp
- What is microwave remote sensing?
- What is a satellite swath?
- What is a map projection? What is conic map projection?
- What are map to map and image to map transformations?
- What is Data cleaning process in GIS?
- What are neighborhood operations and zonal operations in the context of ras
- How is congestion caused in a network and how is it avoided?
- Explain the Distance Vector and Link state Routing algorithm
- Even there are many routeto reach the destination, still how does a pocket loss occun?
- What is the need for Fragmentation and Reassembly?
- How queingthoery could be used to study computer networks?
Explain the closed network of a queueing system
- What are the technologies available for wireless geo location?
- What are Data gathering sensor networks?
- Explain the applications of wireless sensor networks.
- Explain about sensor network architecture
- Explain the concept and structure of cell.
- Discuss the future remote sensing mission of India.
- Please explain about geometric transformation.
- How resolution aspects are helpful in identifying various objects of the earth?
- Explain the advantages of remote sensing over the conventional survey methods.
- What is difference between zigbee and Bluetooth ?
- How performance is improves in CSMA/CD protocol compared to CSMA protocol?
- What is time-to-live or packet lifetime
- How ALOHA works in satellite communication
- Discuss about the platforms used in remote sensing activity.
- Explain the Geometric characteristics of microwave data?
- Describe the sensor characteristics of IRS and Landsat series of Satellites.Describe the sensor characteristics of IRS and Landsat series of Satellite
- Which software is useful for classification of hyperspectral image?
- Which software is suitable for classification of hyperspectral image?
- How we get hyperspectral image from these software’s?
- Can you suggest some supervised and unsupervised linear spectral unmixing techniques in Hyperspectral image analyzer?
- Sir, we want to do project in video surveillance. Kindly explain the area in which we can de the research project?
- Explain hyper spectral analysis of supervised and unsupervised bandwidth selection in dimensionality reduction.
- Explain about histogram equalization and image subtraction.
- Explain about color models and its conversion to other models.
- In what ways are GIS different from other classes of information systems?
- What is tessellation and explain about it
- How accuracy of the classified image can be assessed?
- How to do the river analysis?
What are algorithms available to calculate the width of the river in a given image?
- How can we identity the independent component using ICA analysis in hyperspectral Image especiallyfor dimensionality reduction?
- How to select the number of independ components requed in ICA analysis in hyper spectral image.?
- Why matchedfiltering technic is used for target detection in multidimensional image?
- If a pixel consist more than one n member how can we classify?
- Describe the following: i) Image Pyramids ii) Scaling functions
- What is Resolution? Differentiate between spatial resolution and tonal resolution.
- What is the use of Opening and Closing operators in Morphological Image processing?
- What is watershed segmentation in image processing
- Explain the salient features of Microwave radiometer?
- Write about the future remote sensing missions of India?
- How resolution aspects are helpful in identifying various objects of theearth?
- Explain multi mode image fusion techniques and its advantage?
- When convert an image into binary it is a same size when compared to anther image?
-
Explain about the platforms used in remote sensing activity?
- Discuss the Platforms on remote sensing?
- Explain “Orbiting mechanisms of satellite”?
- What is point spread function?
- Please explain convolution in layman terms.
- What are stochastic signals? What is the difference between a random signal and a stochastic signal?
- Please explain KL Transform.
- How radar detection is avoided by military aircrafts?
- Is it possible to transmit the data files (computer files) through existing power lines? If it is possible, can we use optical fiber interface for tra
- What are the factors that can be considered while choosing antenna for certain application?
- How we can use power line communication in rural area, where there are power cutoff?
- How communication takes place between station on earth and satellite in space?
- Why do we need Probabilistic Models to analyses the signals?
- Explain the detail the transceiver characteristics and structure
- What are limitations on communications in a cognitive radio network?
- Explain the principles and procedures involved in change detection.
- Explain the concept of signal modeling and explain least squares method of signal modeling in detail.
- What are the difficulties in FFT based power spectral estimation methods?
- Discuss the various types of sensor resolutions.
- Explain how FIR Wiener filter can be used for filtering and prediction
- What actually is reactive power?
- Explain the design rules of CMOS invertors?
- Why Do the present VLSI circuits use MOSFET instead of BJTs?
- Explain the term virtual height in terms of antenna?
- What are theadvantages of remote sensing over the conventional survey methods?
- What is meant by supervised classification?
- Explain high and low pass filtering techniques in image processing?
- Can you explain Image differencing and change detection analysis and its application?
- Modulation technique used in 4G.
- How FFT is a fast algorithm to calculate DFT ? and how is it implemented practically?
- hat protocols are used in 5g wireless networks?
- What is frequency reuse?
- Explain different PWM techniques in detail.
- Wcdma and cdma - difference btwn them? and how we get high speed then GSM ?
- Why high frequency waves disappearin at mosphere?
- What is the circuit configurations used for SMPS?
- Why transmission power in railway are switched from dc to ac.
- Is it mandatory uplink frequency is always greater than downlink in satellite communication?
- Can inverse laplace be defined in the same way like laplace , in integral or differential form?
- What is the difference between intra-BSC handover and inter-BSC handover?
- Discuss the various application of multirate signal processing.
- Why LMS is normally preferred over RLS?
- Explain about remote sensing and its types.
- How to perform colour image segmentation and identification?
- What are operators used for segmentation of an image & Which is the best one?
- What are the advantages of FIR filters?
- What are the differences between TE, TM and HE modes?
- Explain different types of small scale fading.
- What are the advantages of fiber optic cable over coaxial cable?
- How can we identify the error in the signal and what are the methods are available for the error detection?
- How is spectrum sharing is done with cognitive radio?
- What are the difference between digital image analysis and visual image analysis?
- Discuss about hardware requirement for Image Processing.
- Why geometric corrections are essential for image processing?
- Explain the different methods of resampling.
- What is data cleaning GIS? Please explain.
- Explain the basics of forward linear prediction.
- Explain Power spectrum estimation using Bartlett method.
- Discuss about sub band coding.
- Explain the block diagram and functionality of a generic adaptive filter.
- What is the principle of steepest descent adaptive FIR filter?
- What is the difference between LMS algorithm and RLS algorithm?
- What is small-scale fading? What are the factors influencing small scalefading?
- Differentiate Fast fading and slow fading in Small Scale fading.
- What are error detection and error correction codes?
- Give the computation efficiency of FFT over DFT.
- Why an impulse invariant transformation is not considered to beone-to-one?
- Explain the fundamental receiver operation in optical communication.
- What are the differences and similarities between DIF and DIT algorithms?
- Please explain the basic concept of soliton generation.
- Explain about Linear Equalizers.
- Explain the ultra high capacity WDM systems.
- What is the way to reduce number of arithmetic operations during DFT computation?
- Why ideal frequency selective filters are not realizable?
- Why IIR systems are called recursive systems?
- Why impulse invariant method is not preferred in the design of IIR filters other Than low pass filter?
- How to bring the equivalence between Laplace transform and Fourier Transform.
- Give the difference between Enhancement and Restoration?
- What are the three methods of estimating the degradation function?
- What is the difference between statistical & electrical analysis of signal?
- Why noise is always considered to be additive in images?
- What are fiber modes?
- What is mode coupling?
- What are the advantages of third generation (3G) networks?
- Explain in brief concept of speech coding?
- Can you please explain us the Wimax Technology?
- What is the need of diversity? What are the different types of diversity?
- Why QPSK is preferred for wireless communication?
- What are the features of interference limited systems.
- What is the need for link calculation?
- Describe technical challenges faced by the wireless communication.
- Describe how the optical fibers are used for the measurement of pressure, temperature, liquid level and strain.
- What is need for IPV6 protocol? Explain its advantages.
- What are P2P Software Applications?
- What is meant by quantum limit?
- Explain mobility models.
- Briefly explain difference between Narrowband and wideband systems.
- What is the fundamental parameter of a single mode fiber?
- Describe the image enhancement techniques used in processing of remote sensed data.
- What are the key elements of visual image interpretation?
- What do you meant by Zooming of digital images?
- What is the relation between Edge Linking and Boundary Detection?
- Why is there a need & issues for integration of remote sensing GIS?
- What are the different ways to built GIS real world model?
- Explain the different types of wireless sensor networks.
- Explain Cognitive radio architecture.
- What are the characteristics of adaptive signal processing?
- What is the difference between Newton’s method and Steepest Descent method?
- What is correlation matrix?
- Please explain Flat fading channel model and what is the difference between flat and frequency selective fading?
- What are the applications and benefits of adhoc wireless network?
- Explain pixel-based classification and object-oriented classification.
- How do you perform edge detection?
- What is gray level interpolation?
- Please explain that sum of two independent Poisson processes is a Poisson process.
- What is digital modulation?
- What are the design characteristics of digital modulation scheme?
- What is maximum likelihood decoder?
- What is near-far effect in wireless network?
- What Are P2P Software Applications?
- What FEC means in Bluetooth?
- What are the channels used in mobile communication systems?
- Explain the method used for Voice transfer?
- Difference between GPRS, GSM and CDMA.
- Can CDN’s accelerate dynamic content/applications?
- How much time and what kinds of resources are needed to successfullyimplement a CDN?
- Does a CDN help in every situation?
- What are the Crowd Sourcing?
- What are the challenges of using the crowd to find solutions to technical problems, and how can we overcome them?
- What are theAdvantages and Disadvantages of crowd sourcing?
- Which layer allocates the signaling dimension in Multiuser Systems?
- When using a low frequency convolution filter what effect does kernelsize have on smoothing?
- What is the advantage of using sobel operator?
- How doesGeology and GIS Differ?
- How does lossless compression work?
- Explain the control abstraction algorithm of divide and conquer.
- What CDN networks are?
- What is the image compression system model? What are the functions of its components?
- What are the types of error free compression?
- What is meant by image smoothing and image sharpening?
- Please explain token passing method of controlled access of the channel.
- CSMA is a contention access protocol with partial co-ordination among multiple users, Please explain why and how CSMA should provide better throughput performance than ALOHA systems.
- What are the different categories of connecting devices, based on the layer at which they operate in a network?
- Please explain circuit switching, packet switching and messages witching.
- Is it true that two random variables are the same if and only if they have the same probability distribution?
- When is a random process said to be mean ergodic?
- What is Game Theory Based Control System and how does Real-Time Reinforcement learning help in the same
- What is SAR image? And is true that SAR produces only 2D images. If yes, why not 3D image.
- What is computational Photography or computational Imaging?
- Can we classify a segment, satellite images using artificial neural network and how optimal it is?
- Can tagging image or inserting metadata can be done by machines?
- Where is SAR image more optimal? What is the advantage of image processing over traditional approach?
- Is microwave image visible?
- Can classification be done by a object oriented programming also?
- Is it possible to move real movement to virtual environment or virtual reality?
- Control Engineering
- What are the advantages of digital control systems over analog control syst
- Why is the sampling rate in real time control much higher than that specifi
- What are the basic elements used for modeling mechanical rotational system?
- What is the basis for framing the rules of block diagram reduction techniqu
- What is a Hurwitz polynomial ?
- What is the steady state value of the response to a step function input to
- How can we integrate green technologies to increase energy efficiency?
- How can we reduce the impact of energy demands on the environment?
- What are the quantities plotted on the axes of the Bode plot ?
- If the period of a periodic function is 0•5 s what is the frequency in ra
- Describe what a VPN is and how it works.
- What is undamped natural frequency and damping ratio of the system?
- How to formulate optimal control problem?
- What are the effects of integral control & derivative control? Why derivati
- What is meant by order of system
- How is phase margin is determine by bode plot?
- How is phase margin is determine by bode plot?
- what is steady state error? how it occurs?
- What are the frequency domain specification?
- What is the necessity of a starter for DC Shunt Motor?
- Explain the application of control system in system based on feedback
- How the transient response of a system with feedback differ to that
- What is the effect of addition of poles in a Root Locus.
- Why are differentiators generally not used in systems ?
- What are the effects of adding a pole & adding a zero to a second order sys
- Give merits of active filters over passive filters Give
- Are network theorems applicable to a.c.networks also or their applications
- How is unit step response of an under-damped 2nd order system expressed?
- How does a digital control system works, can you please illustrate?
- What are the limitations of Routh - Hurwitz criteria?
- What is controllability and Observability with respect to control systems ?
- Is there any advantage of pole-zero cancellation while designing a controll
- What is Lead-Lag controller
- What are the future trends in distributed control system considering indust
- Is there any disadvantages of non uniform quantization ?
- What is the effect of positive feedback on stability of the system ?
- What is significance of gain margin and phase margin ?
- What is Lyapunov stability analysis?
- Why ideal low pass filter is not physically realizable?
- Please, explain the backlash nonlinearity
- How to justify the following statement “Describing function is also call
- Sir, on what factors robustness of the system depends
- Tell me about Adaptive Contro
- What is the principle of operation of gyroscope
- Explain the standard test signals employed for time domain study
- What is the difference between type and order of system ?
- How a system is classified depending on the value of damping
- How does pipelining improve performance?
- What is error compensation method and how they affects on system performan
- Suppose if the system equation are known in Jordan form. How do you test t
- State and prove optimal control problem based on dynamic programming in di
- Explain the principles of causality and invariant imbedding
- Explain the popular inherent nonlinear elements and their Functionalities
- What are the performance parameters of first order system? What do they in
- Why do steady state errors aries?
- How can we reduce the sensitivity of closed loop system?
- How to determine the range of K for
- Which the system is stable using Routh stability criteria?
- How to determine the value of K that result in marginal stability
- What causes an entire row of zeros to show up Routh table
- How to find oscillation frequency?
- If you are given a system’s transfer function is it unique ? Or can other
- What is difference between nyquist plot, polar plot and bold plot ?
- What is the difference between lead and lag compensation ? 79.a) When do
- Why is negative feedback invariably preferred in closed loop system?
- Does pole-zero cancellation affect stability of the system ? For e.g.:
- Practical significance of controllability criterion ?
- Why do we require multivariable control ? What are the effects of control l
- What alternatives are available to feedback control ?
- What is the use of Laplace Transform in control theory ?
- When dissipation inequality aries in controls?
- Is there any open source PID tuning software available?
- Why decentralized control is used for power system protection?
- Basic aspects of modeling of decentralized control used for B. Tech projec
- Usually Control Problems are difficult to solve? And why?
- What are the mathematical aspects of decentralized control of formations?
- How PID tuning is done for industrial process control?
- Stability is the key issue in decentralized control, why?
- How performance of PID controller could be improved?
- Could explain about Lyapunov stability used for solving problem.
- Limitation of Cohen-Coon method of tuning.
- How powers are calculated in 3-phase system?
- What information do poles and zeros provide in respect of network to which
- Can we recover or estimate the state Variables of the plant through the par
- Can we replace x the control law in LQR, i.e., u = - F x, by the estimated
- Do we still have impressive properties associated with LQG? Any solution?
- Are closed loop response acceptable for disturbances? Sensor noise?
- Are closed loop response acceptable for all possible perturbations all exte
- Under what condition the concept of driving point transfer function can be
- Explain mutual coupling in mesh analysis.
- What is use of millmans theorem in polyphase circuit?
- How average value is found from fourier series?
- What is the physical significance of proportional,PD,PID, controller?
- How does the performance of an automatic control system is effected by a po
- what is Initial and final value theorem in z-domain
- How to verify whether the following graphs are isomorphic to each other.
- How is the Resonant Peak(Mr), resonant frequency(Wr) , and band Width deter
- Why is negative feedback invariably preferred in closed loop system?
- What is a
dominant pole?
- State and explain sampling theorem.
- State the condition for the complete controllability and observability in t
- Explain the effect sampling period on stability and steady state performanc
- What is state transition matrix? List out the properties and advantages of
- Prove that any set of n branches in a connected graph which contains no loo
- Explain behavior of capacitor transient input?
- Explain the basics of nyquist plot
- Explaining what is virtual ground?
- what is a route here with criteria
- Prove the weak form of Tellegen’s theorem. Given that Tellegen’s theo
- What is compensation? What is compensated system? What is compensator?
- Explain the effect of derivative control action on system performance?
- What is the purpose of fuse? What are the requirements of good fuse?
- How to formulate optimal control problem?
- can we calculate phase margin and gain margin for nyquist plot?
- What are the advantages of DB plotting?
- How to implement model reduction method in optimization model?
- What are periodic and non-periodic signals? Explain the condition for the p
- What is cut set matrix explain?
- How to interpret the sensitivity of the control system? And what does posit
- Will you elaborate on the real world applications of poles and zeros?
- How can we represent complex pole in bode plot i.e. ( real+Img constant)?
- Can we convert a spike to square wave? If yes how?
- How to control the position and speed of a motor with the controlled feedba
- What are the effects of integral control & derivative control? Why derivati
- What do you mean by state and state variable?
- Explain Routh’s stability criterion. What are the limitations of Routh -
- What is BIBO stability criterion?
- What is the application of LTI system?
- How one can design digital filter from analog filter?
- How is “Block Diagram” of a system useful?
- How does Force-Voltage and Force-Current analogy differ?
- How can we reduce the power consumer in domestic use?
- What is internal Operation Committer under
Raining condition in a DC machi
- House power voltage. How to find circuit current.
- How to explain real and reactive power Partially
- Explain about adaptive control theory
- When is a control method said to be robust?
- How can we represent complex pole in bode plot i.e( real + Img constant) ?
- Explain the kalman’s approach to determine the controllability?
- What is phase-plane plot?
- Explain the common physical Non-linearity’s?
- Explain Lyapunov stability theory?
- What are the steps involved to design a best controller?
- Why derivative mode of control is not recommended for a noisy process?
- How information loss happens due to sampling.
- What is HVDC Light?
- Please explain the components of an HVDC transmission system.
- Explain the conditions to be satisfied for reconstruction of sampled signa
- How to differentiate velocity form and position form of Digital PID algorit
- What is meant by transmission and distribution (T&D)?
- What are the advantages of interconnected power system?
- What are the advantages of state space equation representation?
- Why do we need mathematical modeling of process?
- What is the difference between metric and fundamental circuit?
- Explain edge connectivity and vertex connectivity of a graph
- What is the difference between absolute stability and relative stability?
- How is “Block Diagram” of a system useful?
- What is mean by asymptotic Stability?
- What is the use of FFT in linear filtering?
- What is the need for multirate signal processing?
- What is the condition for linear phase?
- How gain scheduling can be applied in the system. What are relations betwee
- What are the Recursive Least Square (RLS) Technique and the purpose of usin
- How does topological structure of information flow affect stability of the
- Antenna THEORY: why does radiation occurs when charge is accelerated , explain on microscopic level.
- What is the effect of sampling rate on transient response of Digital Control system?
- Can we design a device which can implement the impulse function?
- What are the applications of digital control system in electronic and telecommunication field?
- What are the practical applications of root locus in Bode plot?
- Is it true that digital control system is being used along with analog system?
- Explain the design procedure of state feedback controller.
- i) What is “self tuning control system”?
ii) What are the main functions in adaptive control system?
- What is Gibb’s phenomenon?
- Discuss about the stability in open loop and closed loop control system.
- Explain the rules for sketching root locus.
- Explain Jury’s stability test.
- What do you mean by state and state variable?
- What are the advantages of dB plotting?
- What is State-space representation in control?
- What are the application of open loop controller?
- Explain Lyapunov Stability.
- How bode plot use for gain margin and phase margin?
- Where root locus is use in control system?
- Is there any conflict in automatic control & artificial Intelligent system to control a system in future?
- What is the alternative to ladder programming in future?
- As you said automation is everywhere.Sir what is Robotic Process Automation and can we use it in Banking Industry especially post demonetization?
- What is anti aircraft gun control system?
- Electrical
- What exactly a current source mean? according to name it’s a source which
- What to improve the efficiency of the solar cell?
- Why and when we use single phase and three phases?
- Is it possible to obtain the fourier transform of a speed signal
- What are noise margins at low and high rates
- Why the speed due to nth harmonic becomes 1/nth of the synchronous speed in
- We know s=?+jw but in control systems why do we usually substitute s=jw.
- What is the effect of operating frequency on the rating of transformer and
- Sir plz tell me why do capacitor block DC current? Is it really related to
- Why in india we follow 250v/50Hz whereas few countries follow 60Hz supply?
- What are the applications of the venin’s theorem. Norton’s and super po
- Usually we connect an extension cod to say a 5 amps socket and even supply
- nductor and capacitor are called as passive components, however they don’
- Can u plz explain the physics lying behind lagging and leading of current w
- what are the different methods to turn on the thyristor? What losses occur
- How to study principle of digital techniques?
- what are the ways tot avoid FERRANTI Effect on transmission lines ?
- A network made of resistive elements is given like black box.Input/Output v
- Why is a twisted paid not used for LAN connectivity?/ Why padding is requir
- What is the Integrated Noise Model?
- what is intermodulation product? what are the causes for its occurance?what
- -Explain the potential applications of TRIAC.
- How to Make a Programmer for PIC16F628 Microcontroller "
- How do you set OCV (On Chip Variation) in the tool you used? How does STA (
- Why does a positive charge attract a negative charge? I know the answer lie
- what is intermodulation product? what are the causes for its occurance?what
- "In AM Wave DSB-SC if carrier wave has to be supressed than why is it gener
- we all know that broadband comes from international gateway to our home by
- What is the role of a capacitor in a clamping circuit. how it functions? St
- What are the future trends in distributed control system considering indust
- I have a basic question on DC Motors. For a DC Motor, the formula S=(Va-Ia*
- What is the difference between linear system and non-linear system?How non-
- how was a latch invented and how did they come to know that by feedbacking
- What is sensitivity ? How can we reduce the sensitivity of closed loop syst
- What is a polar plot?
- What is the effect on the polar plot if non-sero pole is added to the trans
- What is the application of Nichols chart?
- Effect of adding poles & zero to a second order liner system?
- What is Error compensation methods and their effects on system performance?
- What are the advantages of eigenvalue and eigenvector based methods over La
- what is spectral occupany in communication engg
- what is power relation in AM system ??
- WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN ABSOLUTE ENCODER AND INCREMENTAL ENCODER ??
- what is the wireless access subscriber unit(WASU) and how does it work?
- What are the advantages of eigenvalue and eigenvector based methods over La
- how does the speech signal have negative frequency component in it
- How can u remove noise from a high frequency digital circuit without attenu
- Sir what would be the effect on the efficiency of transformer at same leadi
- I have tried to implement an amplitude shift keying circuit using a NMOS as
- What is the basis for framing the rules of block diagram reduction techniqu
- What is sink and source?
- How does a step-up chopper work?
- What is a free wheeling diode? Explain its advantages
- Why all AC supplies are of 3 phase? Is it possible to have an AC supply of
- what is the analogous electrical elements in force voltage analogy for the
- what is significance of s parameter matrix in electromagnetic
- What is the advantage of Shannon-Fano coding technique over Huffman coding?
- In source coding (The Huffman Coding or Shannon-Fano) how do we find the pr
- why earth hole size is biggest in plug point?
- What is Channel-stop Implantation?
- why the pic micro controller have three timers??
- What is Latch ? up?
- What is Lay-out design rule? what is different between Lambda design rules
- Which type of fading cause serious distortion of modulated signal??
- Why the DC drives systems unsuitable for energy saving applications of p
- What is the physical significance of Poynting Vector?
- Explain the principles of resistance firing circuit and resistance capacita
- why we step down voltage level from 33kv to 11kv and 11kv to 415v.Instead w
- Is CDMA superior to GSM?What is the difference between the two? Why is GSM
- How can energy be stored in electric field?
- What is Equal area criteria
- What is Multi machine stability
- What are Dependent and Independent Sources?
- What is meant by Stalling of Asynchronous loads
- What is Equal area criteria
- What is difference between electronic device and electronic element?
- How to control the position and speed of a motor with the controlled feedba
- What is a Petri-Net?
- Is there any danger in using my 2 prong adapter/power strip combo for most
- Why there is a need of representing the gain of an amplifier, attenuation i
- How many watts can a typical outlet support? If I have the typical setup wi
- Why do we need a controlled charging for Lithium ion battery and why is it
- In microcontroller why processor is used why not controller?
- Dear Sir, I used to apply AC electric field to my two parallel-wire electr
- How can we reduce the carbon emissions from power generating plants?
- Which methods are useful to develop to integrate renewable power technology
- Which methods are useful to develop to integrate renewable power technology
- What are the duties and responsibilities of a power electronics engineering
- Why the DC drives system unsuitable for energy saving applications of pumps
- How to control the position and speed of a motor with the controlled feedba
- Why crystal is a preferred clock source?
- Which interrupts are generally used for critical events?
- What is meant by crosscompiler
- What Factors should we consider while synchronizing two DG Sets?
- I have the direction cosines for a vector in 3d
space. Is it possible to f
- How to relate sound/audio power with electrical power?
- Why regulation is required for alternator?
- What happens when HLT instruction is executed in processor?
- What is LBB relay?
- What is the use of SFR?
- What are the disadvantages of leading P.F (power factor)?
- Discuss how switching between register banks is possible?
- What are the disadvantages of leading P.F (power factor)?
- What is Source Transformation?
- What are the components used in LED message display board
- Why dc is not given to transformer
- How Zener diode can be
used to make a dc power
supply which maintains,
- Describe how VoIP works.
- It is noted that when a car is travelling from Mumbai to Nashik with car ra
- What is Forced or Steady State Response of a circuit?
- Can we use a Potential Transformer for Auxilliary Power supply (Spring
cha
- How can we reduce the carbon emissions from power generating plants?
- How do you design for future smart grids?
- Can we use a Potential Transformer for Auxilliary Power supply (Spring
cha
- Why the output of an opamp depends on biasing voltage?
- Why are the DC drive systems unsuitable for energy saving applications of p
- Why electronic circuits are used maximum of 30 volts ,why not more than tha
- How are the principles of resistance firing cicuit and resistance capacitan
- Will questions concerning power quality & regulation reserves require data
- Voltage rise and fluctuations have a direct impact on feeder voltage profil
- Why the pic micro controller have three timers?
- Why we step down voltage level from 33kv to 11kv and 11kv to 415v.Instead w
- Which type of fading cause serious distortion of modulated signal?
- As we increase the drain voltage of an MOS transistor. The current intially
- How to design Transformer?
- What is the purpose of the package around a microprocesor silicon die?
- We have a power supply and we need to design a controller for the loop. We
- e are going to connect a controlled power converter to the AC mains. What
- Sir, Can you please explain the Electric power in terms of rate of doing wo
- ow can I control diode reverse recovery currents without increasing the
sw
- What is Demand Response support In Smart Power Grid?
- What is important in using digital or microprocessor control of power
elec
- Explain why power flow studies are essential and vital parts of power
syst
- Sir could you please tell me that an idea how to control the reactive power
- How an Unbalanced set of three phase voltages can be represented by
system
- The problem with explanations for this question is that in the s domain cap
- What is the best technique for balancing supply and demand of power?
- What is “equal area criterion” in connection with transient stability?
- Which among the following power supplies will be most energy-efficient if o
- Discuss briefly about counter-current braking of DC Shunt Motor.
- Explain the advantages of variable frequency induction motor drives?
- Why is "resonant mode power supply" more efficient than SMPS?
- How stationary wavelet transformation can overcome in lack of discreet wave
- What is meant by canonic structure?
- What is envelope detector. Where does it find its application? Under whatco
- Please explain about the impact of Fabrication Process on physical design.
- What are the standard tests signals used for analyzing a control system?
- What is the principle of operation of SCR inverter?
- How does the voltage regulation of alternator work?
- How does a self-excited d.c machine work?
- What kinds of cables can I use for a 3-phase service?
- Write Force-Voltage and Force-Current analogy.
- Where does free electron lies? Does it lies in a orbit of any atom? If no t
- How does slip power recovery schemes work?
- What are the field control methods used for D.C series motor for speed cont
- What are the applications of Signal Flow Graph?
- For most Ac Electrical supplies for land application 50hertz or 60 hertz is
- How does the Servo Motor works and list its applications in present day to
- why dowe use enable terminal EMAKS?
- It is very clear that proper condition monitoring is required for any machi
- How does a dc generator builds up emf?
- What are the factors to be considered in the choice of specific magnetic lo
- What are the factors to be considered in the selection of number of poles i
- What is difference between converter and inverter?
- what is difference between voltage commuted and current commuted Choppers.
- How does a step-up chopper work? 4. What is a free wheeling diode?
- What are the advantages of DB plotting?
- How can the efficiency of a transformer may be found from the open circuit
- Kindly explain the thermal runaway phenomenon in amplifiers
- How exactly negative feedback gives stability in control system
- What is transfer function of a system?
- How is a signal flow graph useful in control theory?
- What is the function of slip in an induction motor
- How can we determine the regulation of an alternator by synchronous indepen
- Explain binary cyclic codes with practical examples. What is burst error co
- How can we find efficiency of a transformer from the open circuit and short
- What is the technique adopted for speed control of a three-phase induction
- Sir, what is the difference between Neutral and Ground
- Give the interpretation of eye pattern?
- State and explain the sampling theorem for bandpass signals
- What is interpolation? What are the various interpolation methods?
- What are the major sources of quantizing errors in DM? How are they reduced
- How does a shaded pole induction motor function?
- What kind of cables are the most suitable one for a 3-phase service?
- How do I explain the working of a nuclear power generation plan with sche
- How does a DC generator builds up e.m.f?
- What is the need of stabilizing an operating point
- How -ve feedback in amplifiers increases signal to noise ratio and bandw
- What is meant by thermal instability in transistors? what are the ways to s
- What is the effect of reverse bias on the width of PN junction and why?
- Why CE configuration is mostly used in amplifiers?
- How transistor amplifies the input signal?
- Which is the heavily doped among Base, Emitter and Collector in
transistor
- Why the chirp is an appropriate signal to measure the magnitude frequency r
- What are the characterastics/features that make the grid called smart grid
- What is Self-healing in smart grid
- Whether the smart grid will lead to the power price rise or it will make po
- discharge? Will a battery discharge this way?4. If one terminal of a charge
- Whether the smart grid will lead to the power price rise or it will make po
- What is smart power generation and it can be used for nonconventional energ
- If one terminal of a charged capacitor is connected to the ground while th
- Why CT signals are represented by samples. ?
- What are the operation performed on a signal ?
- How is Power electronics different from Linear Electronics ?
- What are the characteristics/features that make the grid called smart grid
- How can you design a digital filter from analog filter ?
- What is Self-healing in smart grid
- Idea on voltageinjection capabilities of STATCOM ( static compensator ) sag
- State space equation approach for laplace domain.
- Explain why ( +ve ‘S’ root’s ) +ve half plane poles are implies unsta
- From where the value 50 Hz and 230V ( 1ph ) comes from? How did we define t
- Draw the nyquist pote for the following transfer function: G(s) H(s) = 10
- When you transmit any signal from the base station to another station, beca
- Cascaded inverters can drive large capacitive loads – explain how
- Why is metal – metal spacing larger they poly-poly spacing?
- what varies in flow of electrons in an ac current and dc current?
- what varies in flow "Dear sir I am an electronic student.I need help from y
- "Dear sir I am an electronic student.I need help from your side to my simpl
- What is ergodic process in communication system ?
- How is spectral density of white noise defined ?
- Why SSB is not preferred for transmission of good quality of signal?
- Sir, How Entropy is maximum when all source outputs have equal probability?
- What is probable Hacks on Cryptography?
- Sir, What is direct and indirect phase Modulation?
- Why linear amplifier alone should be used after modulation in AM circuits?
- Name source coding techniques used in the following types of files and cla
- Explain role of Fermat’s Little theorem and Chinese Remainder theorem in
- which factor affects the choice of the intermediate frequency
- Sir, What is TELEMETRY ? Why is necessary to use it an instrumentation syst
- What do u mean by symmetrical & Unsymmetrical faults in a 3phase power syst
- What is “acceleration factor” ? Why is it used in load flow studies?
- Explain how and why a language modal can be usefully employed in connected
- How voiced speech and unvoiced speech is modeled in a CELP encoder?
- Why do we use reactors in power system?
- What is mean by critical clearing angle?
- What is necessity of having slack bus in a power system?
- What Advantages of symmetrical component of analysis of asymmetrical faults
- What is meant by spectral variance of signal?
- Describe the process of dipone-based concatenative text-to-speech systhesis
- What is companding in PCM-system?
- What is SNR? Explain the effect of amplification and cascade connection on
- In FM broadcasting, what should be the maximum frequency deviation? Who has
- What is effect of an additional zero and additional pole to the standard se
- What are the performance parameters of a first order system? What do they i
- What do steady state errors arise? Derive the steady state errors of closed
- What cause an entire row of zeros to show up in Routh table?
- Discuss the various methods of controlling reactive power at load end to ke
- Explain different methods adopted for power factor correction
- Explain the double field revolving theory of single phase induction motor
- What is basic principle of operation of differential relay. What is meant b
- What are the regions of operation of MOSFET? How are they defined?
- What are the requirements for an error correction code?
- Explain the term ‘diversity combining’ as used in radio links.
- What is tunneling? What is the relationship between mobile IP discovery and
- Hi, Why are Sine Waves So Used and important?
- If the emitter and base of n-p-n transistor have same doping concentration
- How to Build an RC Type Differentiating Circuit
- The gain of common emitter amplifier is given by Av= -gmRL. dose it mean th
- The resistance of the pn junction is low when forward biased and is high wh
- Explain the significance of slack bus in load flow analysis?
- How Transient stability limit is less than steady state stability limit?
- Can you please tell us the different HVDC projects in india?
- Dear sir, What is the main objectives of FACTS Technology?
- How does the performance of an automatic control system is effected by a po
- What will happen if a zero is added in the forward path of a second-order
- What are the effects of integral control & derivative control? Why derivat
- Sir, what is the difference between controllability and observability?
- Please tell me about Force-Voltage and Force-Current analogy?
- Sir, Explain the need for inversion of Y bus for large systems?
- Sir, How Transient stability limit is less steady state stability limit?
- Distribution standard voltages are 4.16kV, 12.47kV, 13.2kV, 13.8kV, and 34
- Please explain me, how a static var compensator improves Power stability?
- Dear Sir, Explain us the need for fault analysis in power system?
- Sir, How to determine the swing equation of a single generator connected to
- What is the meaning of economic dispatch using shared generators?
- Why single phase induction Motors are not self starting
- Explain effect of temperature on resistance of different material
- What is back emf and state its significance with respect to DC motors?
- What are the losses in transformer? Why rating of transformer in KVA and n
- What are the assumption of an ideal transformer?
- Which are the important FACTS devices
- Sir please explain the behavior of ac through pure capacitor and how avera
- Sir, how to get the approximate equivalent circuit of 1 phase transformer
- Explain production of rotating magnetic field by graphical approach
- Why it is desirable in concatenative synthesis to be able to control the pi
- What is PSOLA algorithm? Where it is applicable in real life?
- What is the use of Line spectral frequency (LSF) in speech coding for telec
- Explain the important differences between cpvariance LPC and autocorrelati
- Madam how the complex cepstral coefficients are real and they are affected
- What is Z parameter of a two port network. How can I obtain Z parameter of
- What is inrush current?
- The power delivered is maximum if the load impedance is equal to the supply
- What is use of windowing in digital filters
- What is Gibbs phenomenon ?
- In signal processing, why we are much more interested in orthogonal transf
- Why is FFT faster than DFT? 108.aWhat is the actual concept behind this ?
- What is the concept of stability of an LTI system ? 109.a)How to check if
- How to remove 60Hz noise in an recorded audio signal from microphone ?
- What is the use swing curve?
- What is the drawback in series connected capacitor?
- What is load flow and power flow study?
- Why do we go for iterative methods to solve flow problems?
- What is positive sequence impedance?
- Causes of transformer failure in India
- Detecting power swings in a transmission, impedance-base methods are the s
- Measures to improve Voltage Profile of distribution systems.
- What would make the Grid a “Smart”” Grid? And what are Applications
- Under what scenarios protective relay will fail to detect a fault in the po
- What are all the issues in selecting a transformer for power transmission i
- Guidelines for relay protection and coordination in power plants.
- Is high power transformers are more prone for power accident and why?
- What is the function of freewheeling diodes in controlled rectifier?
- Tell us the use of shaded – pole motor, capacitor start motor, DC series
- What is diode storage and reverse recovery time?
- In a tap changing transformer where is the tap connected, is it connected
- Why we use ac system in india why not dc?
- How are amplifiers classified according to the transistor configuration?
- What is the difference between delta-delta, delta-star transformer?
- Why single phase induction motor has low power factor?
- What are the new speech processing strategies based on wavelet packet trans
- What are the most popular DSP Processors?
- Tell us about different kind of audio processing algorithms.
- What are the factors which have to be considered in automatic recognition o
- Explain the temporal processing in a time-frequency space
- Why LPC analysis has problems in estimation accurately the spectral envelo
- Why the performance of speech recognition system operative over the telepho
- What are the steps to be followed for image processing?
- In video compression, Bi-directional predicted frames/ slices ( B- frames/
- What are the steps involved in lossy compressors coding methods for compre
- What are the measure to improve signal to noise ratio in practical way?
- What are the practical significance of mother wavelet?
- Superlattice, Quantum dot and Buried junction designs have impact on the da
- What is Radiation? What are source of radiation?
- What are the nanodot materials?
- the solar photovoltaic panels are so costlier?
- Can the optoelectronics devices can operate on infrared source?
- What are the basic components of a photovoltaic, system and describe their
- Why semiconductors are used in solar cells not conductors. Q.181.a) How sol
- What are the different types of substrate materials used in optical wave gu
- Tell us about the working of a Fiber Bragg grating filter. Q.193.c) Sir, w
- How long do solar electronic PV panels last?
- I’m a bit confused about how solar cells work.
My understanding is that
- Will a PV system heat my hot water?
- How can I put an inexpensive starter solar system together?
- Why does a semiconductor hole have a mass?
- What is the SDF solar PV Grant Program? How does the SDF PV Solar. Q.188.a)
- What is dark current?
- Do the solar panels store energy?
- Explain the working of two devices that use solar energy.
- What is difference between the optoelectronics and photovoltaic?
- Please discuss the pros and cons of different types of UPS? Q.196.a) What
- Explain the different addressing modes in microprocessor.
- In what kind of application, single phase induction motor is used?
- What kind of technologies used for generating synthetic speech waveform?
- What is application of speech coding?
- What is the difference between centralized, decentralized and distributed c
- What are cooperative control applications?
- What is known as Cyclically separable graphs?
- Explain Adaptive algorithms for load distributed system.
- How Matrix polynomials is used in linear system theory?
- How we detect device is failure due to latchup and how do we prevent.
- Positive Bias Temperature Instabilities in devices.
- What are cooperative control applications?
- Are all instructions executed within one instruction cycle?
- Do we need special equipment to connect to WiMax networks?
- What development tools, such as emulators, development boards and compilers
- The high-speed microcontroller doesn’t work in my old 8051 design. Why?
- Difference between the communication and transmission
- Sir please explain the concept of CMOS and domino CMOD. How these structure
- Is there an instruction to rotate a register through carry?
- How performance is improves in CSMA/CD protocol compared to CSMA protocol?
- Is it possible to modify the PC register (Program counter) with an instruct
- What is frequency re-use? How is UWB (ultra-wideband) different from Blueto
- Are all instructions executed within one instruction cycle?
- If my computer is connected to wireless LAN, can it communicate with comput
- Explain about Micro-actuators
- How is the RETIC implemented as a VLSI field computer?
- What differentiates an analog system from a digital system & vice versa?
- High voltage
Engineering
- Project base on VLSI
- Give some low power design techniques.
- What happens to delay if load capacitance is increased?
- Why is size of pmos transistor chosen to be close to three times of an
nmo
- In a simple inverter circuit, if the pmos in the Pull-Up Network is
replac
- How the transfer Characteristics of CMOS
- VOH & VIL Level
- Which is fastest among the following technologies: CMOS, BiCMOS, TTL, ECL?
- Why is static power dissipation very low in CMOS technology when
compared
- What is meant by 90nm technology?
- Why PMOS and NMOS are sized equally in a transmission gates?
- How does prony’s method analyze the visual evoked signals? What is differ
- How does adaptive filter adjusts the parameters to the available sample?
- Basic of convolution in time domain that is related to continuous signal &
- Can you explain the difference between energy signal & power signal?
- In terms of transitions use to say input incidence of transits should be
- Which are the artifacts can be present in EEG signal, and how it can be rem
- What is Heart Rate Variability (HRV)? How HRV analysis can be done in Frequ
- Why is an EEG signal described in statistical terms?
- How marginal density functions are computed from given their joint distribu
- Give the condition for the density function to be valid
- Please explain Construction and Output characteristic of N-channel JFET.
- What is LVDT.
- Please tell us the working principal of bridge rectifier with LC filter, w
- Kindly Explain me double field revolving theory for single phase Induction
- Explain the mechanisms of fundamental absorption (FA) and stimulated emissi
- Explain low of mass action for extentic semi conduction.
- Tell us about software that is used for molding with semi conductor devices
- tell us basic book of semi conductor material
- What is the meaning of “inversion” in the context of a semiconductor La
- Tell us about the application of semiconductor based spintronic devices
- What are Pumped storage plants
- Why does loss of synchronism occur
- What is the reason for Breakdown of cables
- What is frequency of transmission in India
- How can we obtain convergence in iterative techniques
- Why impulse invariant method is not preferred in the design of HR filters o
- What are deterministic and random signals?
- What is memory system and memory less system?
- What is SISO system and MIMO system?
- From the histogram, what type of characteristics of an image can be obtaine
- What is the output of the system with system function H1
And H2 when conne
- Give reasons, why, starters are required for starting a motor
- Why single phase induction motor is not self starting?
- Explain the word back emf used for a dc motor and highlight its
significan
- How does a three-phase synchronous motor differ from a three-phase
inducti
- Differentiate between the ‘squirrel cage’ and ‘phase wound’ rotor t
- Explain the different methods for the starting of a synchronous motor
- What are the different methods of measurement of power in 3-phase
circuit.
- What are the disadvantages of low power factor? How can it be improved?
- Why IIR Filters are designed for analog filters?
- What is major difference between IIR and FIR filters?
- How can you design a digital filter from analog filter?
- In silicon spintronics, some of the qu alities of ferromagnetic
materials
- How many multiplication terms are required for doing DFT by expressional
- Show the use of feedback in control system reduces the sensitivity of the s
- What is regenerative feedback?
- What is correlation between time domain and frequency domin response of a s
- Which is use in the design of a system base on the frequency domain informa
- Give me information on Speed control of D.C. motor using feedback
- Prove that the polar plot of the high –pass RC circuit is a semi-circle.
- What is minimum phase & non-minimum phase system
- What is the effect on the polar plot if a non-zero is added to the transfer
- Explain metal migtation in interconnect.
- Explain the need of frequency compensation in CMOS operation amplifer
- What is constant field scaling in MOS device?
- What is sub-threshold conduction?
- Give the Various Sources of power dissipation in digital CMOS circuits and
- How process variation can cause variation in speed? Concept of Design Corne
- Explain the concept of floor planning?
- What do you mean by clock skew and clock jitter and how it can be estimated
- What software used for measuring simulations below 180 nanometer.
- What is the application of power electronics in excitation system for alter
- State the conditions for getting inversion mode of operation in case of lin
- What are the various specification for color video formation.
Explain th
- Sir, what is the effect of source inductance on performance
of converter?
- What is position uncertainty and velocity uncertainty?
- Sir, what is the basic requirements for the successful
triggering of thyri
- Sir, what is speed control methods of dc shunt machine by armature voltag
- What is resistance grounding and neutral grounding? What is use
of resista
- What is the application of power electronics in high frequency
fluorescent
- What are the application of power electronics for wind energy
utilization
- Why are thyristors popular in static circuit breakers
- Sir can you please tell me what is over current fault conditions
in variou
- What are causes of low power factor of the supply system and
what all ways
- please explain Carrier generation processes & recombination processes?
- What is drift & diffusion?
- Mention any four suitable materials for Electro Lumineacent devices?
- Compare modern control theory with conventional control theory?
- Can you explain what is S transform ?
- Explain the concept of controllability and observability, with the conditio
- What is phase- plane plot ? Describe delta method of drawing phase- plane t
- How can you explain the physical significance of multiframe to the referenc
- What is the physical significance on impulse function ?
- What�are�the�Innovations��in�Interconnects�in�VLSI� �p
- Explain the realation between z-transform and discrete time fourier transfo
- What are the differences between copper and aluminum windings?
Copper ha
- What will happen if transformers are operated at non-nameplate voltages? C
- Can I achieve specific sound levels in a transformer?
- Show the mapping from s-plane to z-plane using impulse invariance method an
- How dynamic gates work :
- Why is Storage space of Machine level language more than that of Assembly L
- What is the use of terminal count register?
- Current Saturation in MOS Transistor
- what happens when drain voltage is above 1.5v in MOS transistor?
- Why does current suddenly zero and why does current constant at MOS transis
- 37. What is the use of bi-directional buffers?
- 44. How does the microprocessor differentiate between data and instruction?
- Distinguish between the memories mapped I/O peripheral I/O?
- What is BIOS function call in 8086 � p?
- w the stick diagram and mask layout for an 8:1 n MOS inverter circuit. Both
- Inverse filtering is the simplest method for image restoration. Still, why
-
Why is padding an image necessary before we apply filtering in the freque
- How image acquired using a single sensor?
- Sir, how Lossy compression of the image makes the image loose smooth inform
- How one-dimensional FFT algorithms can be used to compute two dimensional D
- If there is a conflict of ideas about image processing tasks with your team
- How do you write test cases for an application developed in image processin
- Explain the region split and merge technique for segmentation.
- If you go on dilating an image repeatedly with a structuring element, what
- Why carrier wave is always a sine wave?
- What is the importance of Gaussian process in communication theory?
- when and why are we using frequency modulation for satellite communication
- What are the modulation schemes used in mobile communication
- Is it possible to make circuit of differentiator using OP-AMP? What are the
- How four bit combined binary adder and subtractor circuit can be
construct
- How power saving takes place through VFD?
- Explain the purpose of the package that is present around a microprocessor?
- Explain the purpose of the package that is present around a microprocessor
- What is the best technique for balancing supply and demand of power??
- Explain why power flow studies are essential and vital parts of power system
- How can we integrate the systems of power generation, distribution and tran
- Is it possible to convert single phase power supply to the three phase?
- In an AC transmission line(3 phase), if there is a short between any
two p
- What is the response time of cadmium sulfide (CdS) in photoconductive cells
- What is the construction of a Solar Cell? How is EMF generated?
- What is the function of slip in an induction motor?
- how can we calculate the efficiency of a solar panel
- What type of application would use a photovoltaic cell?
- How Is PV different from other solar energy technologies?
- How long do the solar modules usually lasts?What happens during a blackout?
- How to know if there is sunlight for PV?
- What is a “grid-tie” PV system?
- What are the differences between monocrystalline and polycrystalline PV pan
- Do the appliances connected to an economy tariff meter, such as my pool p
- Do the solar panels take more energy to make than they generate.
- What is the Feed In Tariff?
- Are toxic chemicals used to make the panels?
- 5.What is Sub-Optimal control?Define the Sub-optimal Control for discrete t
- What is the difference between inverter and ups
- Explain�about�Transient�Analysis�and�Frequency�Domain
- How is Power electronics different from Linear Electronics?
- Is it possible to generate Dc directly? Is there any country using dc for a
- Can condition monitoring improve its efficiency? If yes, what is the best m
- Why the brushes in DC motor are given in backward shift?
- Why the reverse current exist in zener diode.
- What is the range of the stator resistance of 3 phase induction motor?
- What is meant by virtual ground in the op amp?
- What is the necessity of harmonics in electrical field?
- Why do we use zener diode as voltage regulator?
- When transistors are used in digital circuits they usually operate in which
- What is the main difference between power diode and single diode?
- What is the significance of semiconductor quantum dot.
- Define free electrons in a semiconductor & Differentiate P-type and N-type
- List acceptor and donor impurities for Si.
- Differentiate between fossil fuel and non-fossil fuel based energy sources
- Comment whether solar energy can be used to fulfill world’s energy requir
-
Explain function of electronic ballast.
-
What are the List the names of semiconductors used for solar cell applica
-
How do you categorize device fabrication.
- Distinguish between direct and indirect energy band gap. Classify semiconductor
- Distinguish between direct and indirect energy band gap. Classify semicondu
-
In solar cell photon break a part hole pair or create them.
- Explain the maximum possible wavelength that a Si based solar cell would ab
- How do solar cell bypass diode in silicon crystal line photo voltaic
- What is the construction of solar cell?
-
What is mechanism of charge separation in solar cell?
-
Can we make solar cell at home.
- Why do cylindrical Alternators operate with steam turbines?
- What are the advantages of salient pole type construction used for Synchron
- Why is the stator core of Alternator laminated?
- Different between synchronous phase modify and synchronous phase conductanc
- AC to DC Converter why should power factor coerced for reactive load.
- All the thruster is replaced by diode then how is waveforms Witching?
- Why almost all large size Synchronous machines are constructed with rotatin
- Which FACTS device is more suitable for damping of a Oscillation.
- What is the best technique for balancing supply and demand of power?
- Explain why power flow studies are essential and vital parts of power syste
- Why almost all large size synchronous machines are constructed with rotatin
- Does HVDC mode of transmission has an economic advantage over EHV-AC transm
- Justify Why we are using Sinusidol wave in all electrical systems?
- Which FACTS device is suitable for congestion management.
- What do you mean by flexible AC transmission system.
- Which is better between electrical rheostat regulator and electronic regula
- For most A.C electrical supplies for land applications are 50Hz or 60 Hz. H
- In which system DC power flow and AC power flow applied?
- How power saving takes place through VFD?
- How does electrical degree differ from mechanical degree?
- What is the relation between electrical degree and mechanical degree?
- Why are Alternators rated in kVA and not in kW?
- What are voltage controlled techniques in invertors?
- What is the necessity for predetermination of voltage regulation?
- Why application servermotors are replace with induction motor for boatel fi
- Power quality is affected by power devices, How can it be improved.
- What is noise immunity? Explain why cmos has good noise immunity
- Explain various sourses of powerdissipation in digital with their merits an
- What is the real problem of watchdog timer?
- How does a microprocessor respond to a button under an RTOS.What are the ad
- How do you write test cases for an application developed in image processin
- Why IGBT is very popular nowadays?
- What are the methods of reducing harmonics in inverter output & performance
- Which tool is suitable for color image processing and texture analysis?
- What is fast-decoupled load flow procedure, listing out the importance assu
- Explain the performance of FACTS controller in the role of reactive power
- What is the need for isolation of gate drive circuits? What are the differe
- How voltage at receiving end changes with change in reactive power flow in
- What is the role of array processor for image processing?
- What is importance of image enhancement in image processing?
- Why does interconnect increase the circuit delay?
- What is specialty Fourier series in signal analysis?
- Why DFT is not so much popular?
- Why impulse invariant method of high pass IIR filter?
- What are the issues are in power distribution of VLSI circuits?
- How to obtain the output sequence of linear convolution through circular co
- Why does interconnect the circuit delay?
- What are the conditions to obtain end fire array pattern?
- Why do we use high frequency waves in sky wave propagation?
- What is Yagi Antenna?
- What is an " Anechoic Chamber" ?
- How MOSFET behaves as capacitor. explain floating MOS capacitor
- Explain simple delay element using pass transistors and CMOS inverters.
- What are the drawbacks of static CMOS design?
- Explain the static and dynamic power dissipation in CMOS circuits?
- Explain the different reliability problems related to the design of reliabl
- What are the drawbacks of static CMOS design?
- Why single-phase system is preferred for main line railway service?
- How regenerative breaking is applied to aDC series motor when there are at
- What is the need of di/dt protection and dv/dt protection? How protection i
- How we can calculate the transformer size?
- What is the role of switching devices in non-conventional energy sources?
- What is the difference between governor and flywheel?
- Where will be the secondary windings wound
- How long do photovoltaic (PV) systems last?
- What is network analyzer?
- Why are GaAs solar cells (Eg = 1.42 eV) more efficient than Si solar cells
- What will happen if i hang on EHV line without touching the ground?
- Does it matter if the semiconductor has a direct or indirect band gap? Why
- What protective measures are taken against lightning over voltages?
- What can be done to make sure that most of the photons are absorbed in the
- What are the causes of over voltage on a power system?
- Describe how a semiconductor laser diode works. What determines the frequen
- What are the factors on which the current carrying capacity of the fuse dep
- The phase relationship between the carrent and voltage in an inductive circ
- Explain the influence of capacitance on performance ofloaded line.
- For enhancing the power transmission in a long EHV transmission line, the m
- Explain the effect load power factor on the transmission efficiency and vol
- Why bundled conductors are used EHV transmission?
- How to improve the steady state stability?
- What is critical clearance time of a fault?
- Were does the traveling wave end when it travel through the loss free line?
- What is the objectives and function of Automatic Generation control (AGC)
- The phase relationship b/w the current and voltage in an inductive circuit
- The alternator generate real and reactive power by the help of machine inpu
- A small alternator can be possible to synchronies with power grid or system
- The majority of the ”humming” sound emitted by an unloaded transformer
- What are the stages at which a chip can be tested?
- What is electrically large loop antenna?
- Explain (a)Self impedance(b)Mutual impedance
- Explain how ducts can be used for Microwave propagation
- Explain about domino and dual rail domino logic families
- Why DC motor is not used in industries for speed control purposes?
- Why circuit turn off time should be greater than the thyristor turn-off tim
- How do we maintain power factors while controlling THD
In electronic bala
- Why we are going for SEPIC converter over BOOST converter in PV applicatio
- what is the requirement for drawing the Equivalent Circuit for any electric
- What an ideal boost converter, what will be the output voltage under no loa
- what is meant by wheeling cost?
- What is ultra capacitor?
- WHAT IS THE APPLICATIONS OF OPTOCOUPLER?
- what is conventional current?
- what is the role of switching devices in non-conventional energy sources?
- How to minimize harmonics produced by Electronic ballast?
- How optimization techniques are applied to power system problems? Explain t
- What is flexible AC transmission system? How does it improve static and dyn
- What is voltage swell? What are its effects on power quality and power syst
- What are the disadvantages of leading P.F(power factor)?
- Explain various control strategies of FACTs controllers for improving power
- Why generator is design for lagging P.F(power factor)?
- How can we represent complex pole in bode plot i.e (real + Img constant)?
- What are Dependent and Independent Sources?
- What are the advantages of HVDC?
- State the effect of temperature on resistance parameter of transmission lin
- Why are harmonics generated in HVDC converter and what are the problems ass
- What are the various types of filters that are employed in HVDC converter s
- Discuss about the factors to be considered while selecting common base kVA&
- What is BIBO stability criterion?
- What do you mean by absolute stability and relative stability?
- Explain the need of reactive power compensation in power system.
- What is Signal Flow Graph?
- What do you mean by controllability and observability.
- What do you mean by state and state variable?
- How would HVDC system differ from existing AC transmission systems?
- Two generalized circuit constants are connected in parallel having generalized circuit constant A,B,C,D& A2, B2, C2, D2. Determine the circuit ABCD co
- Explain the field of application of reactive compensation equipments.
a) Synchronous condenser
b) Auto transformer
- State the effect of temperature on resistance parameter of transmission line. Also state the effect of line resistance on performance efficiency, volt
- Explain the factors that influence skin effect & proximity effect refer to power system
- Explain how capacitance exists in transmission line & state its significance.
- Discuss the need of reactive power compensation in power system. Also list out the compensating equipments.
- Explain the factors to be considered while selecting common base kVA& base kV in per unit method.
- Define per unit value of quaritity advantages of P.U. calculations in power system analysis.
- Discuss in detail about the sequence impedance of transmission lines
- Explain how the transient stability study can be made modified by Euler method
- What is meant by critical cleaning angle?
- What are the data required for loadflow study?
- What are the advantages of per unit computations?
- A single phase transformer is rated 110/440 V, 2.5 K.V.A . Leakage resistance measured from the low-voltage sides is 0.06 ohm. How to determine the
- What are the basic assumptions made in fault calculations?
- How the circuit breakers can be selected?
- Explain the applications of bus admittance matrix
- How waves move if it is sinusoidal signal?
- Explain the method of voltage control by SVC
- Explain about different control interactions
- How optimization techniques are applied to power system problems?
- Explain the power system model reduction techniques with example?
- What is Smart Grid
- What is artificial neural networks(ann), how ann used in powersystem, how it works, what is future expansion
- What are the broad classifications of power system transients?
- Explain how capacitance exists in transmission line and explain its significance.
- Why velocity of propagation over all overhead line is same?
- How to accomplish the function of DVR ( Dynamic voltage dissector using DSP processer?
- Can we change a device wirelessly
-
What are the causes of oscillatory and non- oscillatory instabilities in power system?
- What is the need for system analysis in planning and operation of power system?
- What condition synchronous machine or synchronous Generator will start working synchronous condenser?
- Explain about ….without equation.
- Any Algorithm that support multiobject function?
- What is a describing function? Explain how an element with dead-zone can be analyzed using describing function method.
- Explain the principle of optimality.
- Explain the different generalized error coefficients?
- Explain the design procedure of a lead compensator.
- Discuss the following nonlinearities
i) Saturation and ii) Dead-zone.
- Explain the technological development of modern trends in dc transmission
- Explain in detail about HVDC system simulation?
- What is the meaning of the term “ Power Quality”?
Explain different power quality problems in distribution systems?
- What is voltage swell? What are its effect on power quality and power stability?
- What is meant by neglecting overlap in graetz in bridge circuit?
- Explain in detail about the converter control characteristics of hvdc system?
- What are the basic principles of over current protection.
- Why active filters are superior to passive filters?
- Why does a load draws more current from a potential source what it is increased?
- For a fixed power transmission explain how the economic choice of voltage level selected in dc transmission system?
- How does a resistor behave at high frequencies? GHz (Follow up)
- In rectification we found ac+dc. So we can use this type of supply in transformers.
- What are the different type of losses in transformer?
- Why an LC tank circuit, once excited, does not produce sustained oscillation?
- What is the difference between brushless DC motor and normal DC motor?
- What is regenerative braking and how it works?
- What is difference between voltage and potential drop?
- Can a dc voltage source in series with an inductor act as a current source?
- Working of induction motor and its principal.
- What is isolation Transformer?
- What is the meaning of Hydro electricity?
- For the given 230/440V (delta/star) 3PHASE TRANSFORMER, PERDETERMINE THE INPUT CURRENT ON LV side when a balanced star connected load of 50+j100 ohm p
- What is effect of unbalanced load – say R 15A, Y 25A, B?
- Consider a 415v/200v step down transformer. Can we use it as step up transformer by giving 200v in secondary and taking output from primary?
- Can we load power capacitors on DG sets?
- What is the difference between designing switch modes and motor drives?
- What are the limitations found in the simple differential protection of a transformer? How are they overcome?
- Why protective relays should be put to rigorous testing before being put to use. What is the stability test carried out on the relays?
- What is the need for filter in a HVDC circuit? Explain the various types of filters used?
- Explain the causes of transients on closing and reclosing of transmission lines.
- Why is “resonant mode power supply” more efficient than SMPS?
- What is difference between circuit breaker and disconnecter?
- Why is ac current transfer more effective than dc current transfer over long distances?
- For the given 230/440V (delta/star) 3PHASE TRANSFORMER PERDETERMINE THE INPUT CURRENT ON LV side when a balanced star connected load of 50+j100 ohm pe
- What is meant by wheeling cost?
- Explain the selection protocols of convertors for any HVDC system.
- What are voltage control techniques used for power factor correction in converters?
- Can we make a full wave rectifier by use of transistors only?
- What is problem with carbom commutators in the motor?
- How can we store Electricity, How long it can be stored and what is the device used for storage?
- Is there available higher volume storage batteries to store huge volume like mega watts?
- Explain the interaction between lighting and power system.
- Which could be used in power plants like wind mils to store excess power generated during seasonal times.
- Explainthe switching characteristics of power diode.
- Explain the factors that limit the speed response of photodiodes.
- Explain why there is difference in the characteristics of Ge, Si and GaAs Diodes. And also explain in the selection of semiconductor material why sili
- Discuss about contact potential.
- Clarify is the band gap is increase develop more voltage in photo voltage self?
- How does statistic statues electric field setup in fade effect transistor?
- Explain Silicon photodiode structure for photoconductive operation.
- What are the advantages of photoconductive mode?
- Explain the principle of traveling wave radiator.
- How does a log periodic antenna provide a large bandwidth of operation?
- Explain about Skip Distance.
- What is Optimum Working Frequency?
- Discuss about binomial arrays and also Phased arrays.
- Explain the principles and process used in the wind energy conversion systems to extract power from the wind?
- Why a tall tower is essential for mounting a horizontal axis wind turbine?
- What are the benefits of offshore wind energy?
- How to remove transients from the power systems?
- Discuss the interaction of lightning in power systems.
- Explain short line kilometric fault.
- Explain the over voltage induced by faults.
- What is the importance of critical clearing time?
- A sudden 3-phase short circuit takes place at the terminals of an unloaded three-phase alternator. Explain briefly on the different reactance’s that are met with the damper windings are provided at the
pole faces if salient pole synchronous machine.
- Explain that the power in a three phase circuit can be computed fromsymmetrical components.
- What is a 3 phase unsymmetrical fault? What are different types of unsymmetrical fault?
- Why do we prefer to analyze unsymmetrical fault by symmetrical components method?
- How symmetrical component transformation is power invariant.
- Develop the swing equation of a synchronous machine working on an infinite bus.
-
Explain how the effect of prefault current is included in calculation of currents in different parts of a power system during the occurrence of an unsymmetrical fault at a specified location.
- A synchronous motor connected to an infinite bus is driving a load corresponding to its rated capacity with a torque angle of 300. if the load is suddenly increased to times the rated load. What will be the stability of the motor?
- A double line to ground (DLG) fault takes place at the terminal of an unloaded alternator. Show that how the sequence networks is to be interconnected to represent the fault and also obtain for the fault current.
- What are the different methods of firing circuits for line commutated converter?
- What is the function of static VAR compensator?
- What is the type of generator used in wind power plant?
- Why a tall tower is essential for mounting a horizontal axis wind turbine?
- Explain the effect of source inductance in the operation of single-phase fully controlled converter.
- What is the function of freewheeling diodes in controlled rectifier?
- What is the process of making power semi conductor device?
- Electronics
- Microelectronics
- Please explain Transient analysis and what is frequency domain analysis
- Please explain Transient analysis and what is frequency domain analysis me
- What are various modelling styles used in VHDL?
- What are the Innovations in Interconnects in VLSI physical Design?
- What are the solutions for Issues related to Interconnects
- What are the scaling methods available or VLSI physical design?
- What is the impact of Fabrication Process on physical design?
- What are the advantages of ion implantation over diffusion?
- Explain strong and weak logic levels with reference to MOSFET
- What is hot carrier effect
- What are the factors to be considered for calculating total load capacita
- Explain about scaling of MOS transistor dimensions and charge sharing ??
- Explain with a neat sketch the architecture of CLB?S available in xilinx X
- Why a transistor cannot be used as rectifier?
- What is Lay-out design rule? what is different between Lambda design rules
- Are there any risks of nanomaterials to human health and environment? If y
- What is BiCMOS Technology? What are the basic processing steps involved in
- What is epitaxial growth? Why is it needed?
- What are the most Fascinating advances in the history of nanoelectronics s
- Please tell us about nanofabrication.
- Why NMOS technology is preferred more than PMOS technology?
- What kind of defects that occur in a chip?
- Sir, What are the steps involved in twin-tub process?
- How are the circuit elements implemented in IC’s
- What are the different reliability problems related to the design of relia
- Sir, Explain the different process techniques to enhance the performance o
- What is Lay-out design rule? Q.134.a)What is different between Lambda desig
- What is molecular electronics?
- Why are nanomaterials used in cosmetics?
- Are nanomaterials used in foods?
- What are all the materials used for MEMS manufacturing?
- What kind of technologies used for MEMS manufacturing?
- What are the challenges in the development of MEMS and Nanotechnology devic
- In what way nano technology used for electronics?
- In what way nano technology used for electronics?
- Is there an end to CMOS miniaturization?
- Explain about Piezoresistance
- What is the setup time and hold time parameters of the FF, what happens
if
- What are the chances that MRAM will replace DRAM? What is difference betwee
- Sir can you please tell me what is spin based quantum computing?
- Comparison of thermoelectric technology with other energy with conversion m
- What is Phonon Thermal Conductivity Reduction Approach?
- What is difference between Rectifying vs. Non-Rectifying Switching? Please
- What are the visual simulation tools available for nano technology
- What is Quantum Transport
- what is density operators?
- Purification methods of carbon nano tubes
- What is top down approach in
nanoelectronics?
- What is the diameter of a bucky ball? How many pentagons and hexagons are t
- What are the salient points addressed by Feynman in his lecture “there is
- How do you find RRAM LRAM and MRAM on a TI-83 calculator
- What is frequency reused concept in GSM ?
- Sir how “CDMA is an interference limited system” and please tell me po
- What is IP fragmentation? Why is it needed?
- How will you determine the direction of intensity gradient while
detecting
- How do you use motion heuristics in gross motion planning
- What is interrupt latency in embedded system?
What is the linear sequentia
- What Build Process of Embedded software is
- Sir, what is mean by minimal realization? Will there be any decoupling
zer
- Qualitatively discuss the analogy between extrinsic semiconductor and the i
- How does conduction take place in insulators and ionic crystals ? Also disc
- Discuss various conduction mechanics in 3 D and 2 D and low dimensional sys
- Describe the concepts of quantum wells, wires and dots. And discuss schemat
- Discuss various conduction mechanics in 3 D and 2 D and low dimensional sys
- What would be the societal implications of nanotechnology? Explain.
- How can nanotechnology be used for sustainable development?
- How are circuit fabricated?
- what is Fermi Dirac distribution function against temperature?
- what is drift carriers? what is Hall effect?
- Explain donor and acceptor impurities in semiconductors?
- Explain qualitatively how bands of allowed and forbidden energies are forme
- What is the significance of semiconductor quantum dot.
- Show that the product of number of holes in the valence band and the number
- What electrical characteristic of intrinsic semiconductor material is contr
- What kind of diode is formed by joining a doped semiconductor region with a
- Tell us about the application of semiconductor based spintronic devices?
- What is the physical significant of small signal capacitance? I know
It’
- Why only low order address bus (AD0-AD7) is use for demultiplexing the bus
- Explain various sources of power dissipation in digital with their merits a
- What can you say about the intersection between field lines and equipotenti
- What do you mean by latch-up on CMOS circuits?
- Why is the number of gate inputs to CMOS gates (e.g. NAND or NOR gates) usu
- What does it mean "the channel is pinched off"?
- What is a transmission gate, and what is its typical use in VLSI?
- Explain various steps of high level design flow used in ASIC devices?
- What are the advantages of BICMOS Technology over CMOS Technology?
- Explain about Quantum electrodynamics?
- How many valence electrons are in every semiconductor material?
- What kind of diode is formed by joining a doped semiconductor region with a
- What types of impurity atoms are added to increase the number of conduction
- What is meant by semiconductor quantum dot?
- Derive the expression for attenuation factor for tem waves between paral
- Why is nano electronics needed?
- What is carbon nanotubes?
- Why the gate oxide has been scaling with the development of CMOS technology
- Explain fault simulation and fault sampling with respect to CMOS testing?
- Discuss the effects of parasitic capacitances between gate and
source/drai
- General applications of spintronics (why bother with it?)
- What is the importance of the duration of spin and their net polarization i
- What effect did the thickness of the organic semiconductor have on the syst
- What is the Effect of exchange splitting?
- How might spintronics help nanotech?
- What is nanoscale?
- Why only low order address bus (AD0-AD7) is use for demultiplexing the bus
- Explain the different operating regions on MOS systems
- What are the advantage of using a pseudo N-MOS Gate instead of a full CMOS
- What are the applications of quantum dot?
- Why Transistors are not used as switching devices?
- What is the difference between TTL and CMOS?
- What is meant by emitter follower?
- What is photolithography?
- What is etching?
- Why is n-diffusion to p-diffusion spacing is so large?
- When a circuit designer needs a circuit to provide a time delay, he or she
- What factor(s) do(es) the barrier potential of a pn junction depend on?
- What is setup/hold? What are setup and hold time impacts on timing? How wi
- Is it similar to the concept of master slave j-k flip flop
- Explain Dynamic CMOS Logic and Domino CMOS Logic.
- What are the advantages of dynamic CMOS logic having precharge and evaluate
- Distinguish between energy and power dissipation of VLSI circuits.
- Explain about scalable Design rules related to NMOS and CMOS Technologies.
- Explain about photolithography,
Discuss about micro fabrication
- 1. Please explain about assumed current distribution for wire antennas
- Explain the radiation from a travelling wave on a wire ?
- What is the need and advantage of Instrumentational amplifier?
- Explain the characteristic impedance of biconical antenna?
- What is meant by current steering in DAC?
- What is body effect? Is it due to parallel or serial connection of MOSFETS?
- How do dynamic gates work?
- Why there is a need of representing the gain of an amplifier, attenuation i
- What is the difference between Clock buff/inverters and normal buff/inverte
- What are the fundamental operating conditions that determine the delay char
- Why mosfet is more popular than jfet? Although both of them has many simila
- What are the Innovations in Interconnects in VLSI physical Design? Explain.
- Why is the Electrical length of antenna commonly taken as (lambda)/4 or (la
- Which semiconductor device is used as a voltage regulator and why?
- How MOSFET behaves as a capacitor?
- Is it possible to match all the oorts of alossless reciprocal microwave com
- Explain the double minima method of VSWR measurement.
- How patch antenna can be designed to be circularly polarized?
- How the antennas are categorized and tell us example for each antenna types
- How patch antenna can be designed to be circularly polarized?
- What is the relationship between the speed of light, frequency and waveleng
- How to interface 8051 with HT12E encoder & MTS 433.92 MHZ transmitter.
- What is TUNING with respect to microwave oscillators?
- How can I measure the micowave frequency without frequncy meter?
- Why Transistors are not used as switching devices?
- Which semiconductor device is used as a voltage regulator and why?
- Explain the simple delay element using pass transistors and CMOS invertors
- Why is n-diffusion to p-diffusion is so large?
- What is routing capacitance in a MOS?
- What is the advance technology in IC’s?
- Dear Sir, Please explain the need for low power VLSI design?
- What is quantum number, How Quantum Dots helps theDisplay Industry?
- Which semiconductor device is used as a voltage regulator and why?
- What is the basic difference between the Thermionic and Schottky emission?
- What is the difference between TRP and EIRP?
- radiation occurs when electrons neutralize any charge: radiation in antennas are due to acceleration of electrons(charge) : 1.DOES THESE TWO CONCEPTS
- What is meant by skip distance?
- How do the SPICE MOSFET account for the parasitic device capacitances?
- What is the difference between function and procedure in VHDL?
- Explain the synchronisers with example
- What is key difference between sequential and combinational circuits?
- What is twin-tub process? Why is it called so?
- Explain the basic principle of operation of dynamic CMOS, domino and NP domino logic circuits
- What is a quarter-wavelength transformer?
- How can you design a patch antenna to be circularly polarized?
-
What is the difference between Directivity and Antenna Gain?
- How Quantum Dots helps the Display Industry
- What can you say about the intersection between field lines and equipotential surfaces?
- If a proton is accelerated through a potential difference of 2.000 V, what is its change in potential energy?
- What condition must exist for an electrical force to be repulsive?
- What is difference between electronic device and electronic element?
- Discuss about Feynman’s hypothesis and the important milestones in the development of nanotechnology.
- Dear sir, please explain about spin hall effect(SHE)?
- What is Twin-tub process and what the steps involved in it.
- What is meant by Threshold voltage in CMOS
- What is Monte Carlo analysis?
- What is channel length modulation?
- What are advantages of Common centroid & interdigitized patterns?
- Explain the principle of pattern multiplication.
- Explain the width of main lobe of uniform end-fire array is broader than that for a uniform broad side array.
- Discuss the log-periodic dipole array
- Explain miller compensation technique?
- The various software available for antenna design are I-3D, HFSS, Abs, CST Which one is better for a beginner
- Explain electron transport in quantum dot
- Why does band gap energy of quantum dots very with its size?
- Explain the principle of single electron tunneling process
- Explain the principle of operation of nano electronics switch made of a conducting molecule
- What is the discrepancy in Ampere’s Law? How was it removed by Maxwell?
- What is scalar and vector magnetic potential?
- What is the relation between electric potential and electric field intensity? What do you understand by “conservative field”
- What are ferrimagnetic substances?
- What are the relationship between magnetic and nano materials?
- What is meant by probing nano magnetic materials
- How can we prove that static electric field is irrational and static magnetic field is solenoid?
- What are the boundary condition in Electrostatics and Magneto statics?
- How to differentiate VSI from CSI
- Explain the following terms with respect to Robotics. i) DOF ii) End effectors
- Discuss the principle of proportional control action with mathematical expression and its characteristics.
- Explain synchro as an error detector.
- Explain the term voltage ripple factor, current ripple factor.
- Explain the harmonic factor of input current
- Explain the Harmonic reduction by transformer corner lines and stepped
wave inverters.
- Explain the effect of damping on response of control system.
- Explain the principle of pattern multiplication.
- What is the total capacitance of an MOS capacitor ? How does it vary with voltage?
- Discuss the difficulties encountered in the Routh stability test
- What do you mean by parasitic in integrated circuits?
- How is the Si water prepared?
- What is fringing effect?
- If RISC impose pressure on hardware than too it is used in ARM controller, why?
- Why in laboratories we have voltage sources as power supply why not current source?
- What is Hydro electricity.?
- Explain the principle of operation of three phase inverter with 180° conduction mode.
- What are the advantages of sample data control system over the continuator Data control system. Draw the block diagram of sampled data control system
- Explain the modern trends in dc transmission.
- How power sharing and power control is achieved in an MTDC system?
- Explain the significance of sampling and hold circuit in a digital control system.
- Why a tall tower is essential for mounting a horizontal axis wind turbine?
- What are merit and demerit of open-loop and closed-loop control system?
- What are the prospects of renewable energy sources in India?
- What are the differences between binomial and uniform board side arrays.
- Explain the design relations associated with Rhombic antenna. What are its applications?
- Explain about effective area.
- What is Shadow zone?
- Explain the radiation form quarter wave monopole.
- Explain the types of layout design rules.
- Why does band gap energy of quantum dots vary with its size?
- What does FWHM mean?
- How Does a forbidden-energy level transition become an allowed transition in the case of an optical near field?
- What are various modeling styles used in VHDL.
- Discuss the action of Enhancement mode and depletion mode transistors. Discuss the various thermal aspects of processing in VLSI technology.
- In what ways the speed of operation of a microelectronic system may be increased.
- Which type of memory is most suit to store the program in a reprogrammable microcontroller?
- Please explain the points that have to be considered when deciding on what logic IC family to use in a microelectronics project.
- What is a system clock and why is it an essential unit in a microelectronic system?
- Discuss and describe micro, macro and nano electronic?
- When are two graph said to be isomorphic? Explain how the two graphs need not be isomorphic even they both have the same order and same size.
- What is the issue of power dissipation in deep submicron technology?
- What are the differences between FPGA from CPLD?
- What is the advantage of using a pseudo N-MOS Gate instead of a full CMOS GATE?
- What is synthesis and explain synthesis issues.
- Can you explain wave nature of matter?
- What are ferromagnetic substances?
- Elaborate about thermoelectricity and its practical applications.
- Is zT> 2 possible for a scalable material?
- Please give the overview of “Molecular Electronic Devices”.
- Can you tell me if semiconductor Si is doped with donor and accept or at the same time? What are methods to calculate n&p?
- Explain power theorem and its application to point sources.
- Why frequency independent antennas are called so?
- What is the difference between end fire and broadside array?
- What are the effects of earth’s curvature on tropospheric propagation?
- Is there any analogy between transmission line and antenna? Explain with regards to efficiency, Q factor and resonant length.
- What is the difference between message switching and packet switching?
- Why low power has become an important issue in the present day VLSI circuit realization?
- Distinguish between energy and power dissipation of VLSI circuits. Which one is more important for portable systems?
- How environment is affected by the power dissipation of VLSI circuits?
- How reliability of a VLSI circuit is related to its power dissipation?
- What is the latch up problem that arises in bulk CMOS technology? How is it overcome?
- What are the commonly used conducting layers used in IC fabrication?
- What are the benefits of SOI technology relative to conventional bulk CMOS technology?
- Explain the three modes of operation of a MOS transistor.
- What are the stages at which a chip can be tested?
- Explain the different factors that affect the reliability of CMOS chips.
- Compare CMOS and BiCMOS technology.
- What is the other name for MOSFET? Why is it called so?
- Explain about scaling of MOS transistor dimensions and charge sharing.
- What is low noise margin?
- Explain small signal operation of amplifiers.
- Explain active load switching. How it advantages over passive load switching?
- What is time harmonic field?
- How is the unit vectors defined in three co ordinate systems?
- If a plane wave is incident normally from medium 1 to medium 2, explain the reflection and transmission coefficients.
- If I have a Neo magnet with a Br of 12,300 Gauss, should I be able to measure 12,300 Gauss on its surface?
- How do you measure the strength or power of a magnet?
- What is the strength of the Earth magnetic field? How it is measured?
- What are some of the applications of “photonic crystals”?
- What is the emf produced by moving loop in time varying field?
- What is physical significance of divergence?
- What is the significant feature of wave propagation in an imperfect dielectric?
- What will happen when the wave is incident obliquely over dielectric–dielectric boundary?
- Why NMOS technology is preferred more than PMOS technology?
- Please Explain the latch up prevention techniques.
- What are the commonalities and differences when compared to more common software development fields?
- What is the difference between RTL and HDL?Or RTL v/s HDL
- Please explain properties of crystalline solids and how they are determined?
- What is the concept of the reciprocal lattice?
- What are primitive vectors and basis in graphite layer?
- What is spin valve and how it works?
- What are the properties of ROC?
- What are the properties of ROC?
- What is metastability?
- How logical gates are controlled by Boolean logic?
- What is the main function of metastability in VSDL?
- What are the steps required to solve setup and Hold violations in VLSI?
- What is body effect?
- In forward biased pn junction current flows because of diffusion
process and in reverse biased current is because of drift process. Is this
right statement.
- Why electrons are not pulled into the nucleus of an atom?
- Why does the MOSFET drain current increase abruptly when Gate voltage
is greater than the threshold voltage?
- What is Mealy or MooreMachine?
- What is Transmission Mode 5?
- What is the difference between LTE FDD and LTE TDD?
- What is Antenna gain &Antenna noise temperature?
- If we have a neo magnet with a Br of 12,300 Gauss, will we be able to measure 12,300 Gauss on its surface?
- Why temperature coefficient of resistance of a semiconductor is negative?
- What is extrinsic semiconductor?
- Explain the formation of a hole in an intrinsic semiconductor.
- Explain the use of Zener diode as a voltage regulator.
- If electric charges accelerate towards lower potential energies, why do opposite charges attract?
- Why is the energy density of the electric field produced by two unlike charges positive, even though their potential energy is negative?
Physics
- Electromagnetic
- Mechanics
- Miscellaneous
- Optics
- Quantum Physics
- How solid is string theory?
- What is dark energy?
- What is the essence of quantum physics? What makes it so di?erent from classical physics?
- Explain the difference between schroedinger and Heisenberg pictures.
- What are the conditions of equilibrium of rigid bodies?
- Explain instantaneous centre of zero velocity.
- The speed of light: Is it constant everywhere? Or will it vary?
- What is Hermitian operator?
- Explain Faraday�s law of electromagnetic induction
- How to derive the boundary conditions at the charge interface of two dielectric media.
- Is it possible to redubs the cost of solar enrage cell.
- How to find the hkl value for a new single crystal material?
- What is a quantum-mechanical wave ? what are its independent variables and how many are there?
- Can we use deep focus lenses to generate more electricity?
- Explain when and how electromagnetic wave is generated?
- Why there is no dispersion in white light refracted through a rectangular glass slab?
- In a compound microscope, both the objective and the eyepiece should be of small focal lengths. Why?
- Explain the theory of vibrational and rotational structure of electronic spectra.
- How rotational energy changes in molecules can be studied using Raman effect?
- How do the rotational &vibrational energy in carbon dioxide moleculelead to laser action?
- Explain the behavior of a dielectric medium in electric field.
- Explain about paramagnetism.
- What are action and angle variables? Explain how they are applied to the Kepler�s problem.
- A free particle of mass m is moving inside a sphere of radius R. Assuming that the wall of the sphere is impenetrable; How to calculate the ground-state energy of the particle.
- Discuss the term "Four vector potential".
- What is meant by resonant scattering?
- What will be the mass of A to balance whale system?
- Discuss the variation method and its application to the hydrogen molecule.
- Discuss vectors and pseudo vectors in terms of intrinsic parity.
- Explain Minkowski�s space-time diagram.
- Using variation method, estimate ground state energy for hydrogen atom.
- Compare Newtonian, Lagrangian and Hamiltonian formulation and discuss the advantages and disadvantages of each.
- Show that two light beams polarized in perpendicular direction will not interfer.
- Why electrons and neutrons cannot be accelerated in a cyclotron?
- What types of radiation other than X-rays are commonly used to obtain diffraction patterns?
- And what are the energies needed to perform crystal diffraction with these types of radiation?
- What is speed of wave in vaccum?
- What is the advantage of a radial magnetic field in MCG?
- What is the relationship between the real and reciprocal space lattices?
- What type of dielectric material has an electric dipole moment when it is below a certain critical temperature even when it is not in an electric field?
- What happens when a piezoelectric material is subjected to stress?
- Explain the medical applications of solid state physics.
- What are the advantages of Hamiltonian formalism over Lagrangianformalism?
- Does the wavelength affect the frequency of the wave?
- How can one prove that the time-averaged kinetic and potential energies for a quantum harmonic oscillator are equal?
- What is Mossbauer Effect? Explain its applications.
- What are the advantage of Hamilton formalism over lagrangian formalism?
- Explain the classical theory of heat capacity.
- Explain GMR sandwich structure.
- Explain low of mass action for extrinsic semi conduction.
- What is electroluminescence?
- What are fiber optics made off and what is the term harness in fiber optic?
- What are fiber optics made off and what is the term harness in fiber optic?
- Explain the Ewald construction. Discuss reciprocal lattice concept is useful in X-ray diffraction studies.
- What is inelastic neutron scattering?
- Why the hydrogen atom in the ground state does not show a first-order Stark effect?&
What is stark effect in hydrogen atom?
- Explain reducible and irreducible representation.
- What is the difference between the Heisenberg and Schrodinger pictures?
- Explain space inversion symmetry.
- What are quarks? Explain the properties of quarks.
- Explain the motion of a rigid body about a fixed point. Relativity.
- What is stirling approximation? Please explain
- Explain grand canonical ensemble. And also please explain the derivation for the grand canonical distribution.
- How to calculate the total number of distribution of N bosons in the system among the k-possible groups of Eigen state?
- Is quantum mechanics used in biology? Where exactly?
- Does the spin of electron really mean physical rotation of electron likeearth does or something else?
- Do photons of different colours have different sizes?
- If both the charges are moving with same speed and same direction in that case will Coulomb law work?
- What must one’s speed be, relative to S, in order that one’s clockwill lose 1 second per day as observer by S?
- Explain the terms mass defect and nuclear binding energy.
- All the elements found in nature are not radioactive. Why is thisproperty in heavy elements only?
- What is chain reaction? Explain controlled and uncontrolled chainreaction.
- Set up the one dimensional time independentSchrodinger wave equation.
- What are the differences between electrovalent bond and covalent bond?
- What is Ising model in statistical mechanics?
- What are creation/annihilation operators and anti-particles?
- Which type of terms in the Lagrangian lead to propagators and which to interactions?
- How does technology rely or require Quantum Mechanics in relation to probability waves?
- What is the value of Projection operator, when acting on another projection operator?
- According to the postulates of Einstein theory, laws of physics are same in all inertial frame. What about non- inertial frames? Why they can't be same in non-inertial frame?
- What is the consequence, when the electron, when both holes are opened in thedouble gap experiment makes an interference pattern?
- How do you explain solubility of silver in gold?
- Why ceramic material is usually bad conductor?
- Describe the relationship between stress and strain for a solid below its limit proportionality. Who discovered this relationship?
- What is a super cooled liquid? What will the super cooled liquid formif it is cooled even further?
- You are carrying out an X-ray diffraction experiment on a crystalthat has the face centered cubic structure. Would you expect to seediffraction from the (111)plane?
- What name is given to a semiconductor in which the valence band maximum occurs at a different value of wave vector, k, to the conduction band minimum?
- Does channeled acceleration of particles in a crystal latticetransfer momentum to the crystal lattice itself?
- How would you describe an impurity that replaces an atom at a normallattice site?
- What is the main limitation of the Free Electron Model? How does theNearly Free Electron Model differ?
- The density of materials can be determined from the number of atomsper unit cell as well as the lattice parameter. If the number of atoms perlattice point is doubled in a crystal structure with no change in latticeparameter, then what will be its density? Please explain.
- What is the difference between brake’s law and powder method?
- Explain the about gauge theory.
- Relativity
